BCA 2.2 Personal ,Social and Business communication

Personal ,Social and Business communication :- 

**Personal Communication:**

- **Definition:** Personal communication is when you talk to family and friends in your daily life.

- **Example :- 

You have a phone conversation with your best friend, discussing your weekend plans, sharing stories, and talking about personal matters like your hobbies or family events.

**Social Communication:**

- **Definition:** Social communication involves interactions with a broader network of people, including acquaintances પરિચિતો, colleagues, or those you may not know very well.

- **Example :**

You attend a neighborhood gathering, chat with your neighbors about community events, and discuss shared interests with people you've just met, creating connections outside your friends and family.

**Business Communication:**

- **Definition:** 

Business communication refers to the exchange of information, messages, and ideas within a professional or work-related context to achieve specific goals and objectives.

- **Example :-

In a business setting, communication is the process of sharing important information to get things done. For instance, sending an email to your team outlining the project's objectives, deadlines, and responsibilities is a form of business communication. This ensures everyone is informed and aligned to work together effectively.

BCA 2 .1Verbal and Non-verbal ( Spoken and Written) :-

Verbal and Non-verbal  ( Spoken and Written) :-

Introduction :- 

Verbal communication is when you use spoken or written words to talk to someone, while non-verbal communication involves gestures, body language, and facial expressions to convey messages without words.

**Verbal Communication:**

- **Spoken Verbal Communication:** This is when you use your voice to talk to someone. 

For instance, when you say "Hello" when you answer a phone call or tell a friend, "I'm happy to see you!"

- **Written Verbal Communication:** This is when you use written words to communicate. For instance, when you send a text message, write an email, or create a note.

For example, sending a text message that says, "Let's meet at 2 PM," or writing an email with "Thank you for your help."

**Non-Verbal Communication:**

- **Spoken Non-Verbal Communication:** This involves using your voice and how you say things to express meaning. For example, if you say something with a happy or sarcastic tone, it changes the message's feeling.

Imagine saying "Congratulations" with an enthusiastic ઉત્સાહી tone to show excitement આવેશ, or saying it with a flat tone to appear less interested.

- **Non-Spoken Non-Verbal Communication:** This includes body language, gestures, facial expressions, and eye contact. Your posture, the way you smile or frown, ભવાં ચડાવવા and even the silence between words can communicate a lot without using any actual words.

For instance, if you stand with your arms crossed, it might convey defensiveness.રક્ષણાત્મકતા A smile communicates happiness, and maintaining eye contact can signal confidence and engagement during a conversation.

3.4 Using Web Resources :-

Using Web Resources :-

Using web resources while reading involves finding trustworthy websites, actively reading by highlighting key points, looking up unfamiliar terms, verifying facts, and taking notes for better understanding.

Web resources are a valuable tool for expanding your knowledge and understanding of various topics. 

1. **Select Reliable Sources**: Choose trustworthy websites or publications for your research.

2. **Scan for Structure**: Quickly skim the content to grasp its main points and organization.

3. **Read Actively**: Engage with the material by highlighting key information and taking notes.

4. **Use Hyperlinks**: Click on relevant links within the content for more in-depth information.

5. **Define Unfamiliar Terms**: Look up unfamiliar words or concepts to improve comprehension.

6. **Fact-Check**: Verify information by cross-referencing it with other reliable sources.

7. **Bookmark for Later**: Save valuable resources for future reference.

8. **Join Discussions**: Participate in discussions or comments sections for different viewpoints.

9. **Take Breaks**: Rest your eyes and mind with short breaks for better focus.

10. **Consider Bias**: Be aware of potential સંભવિત bias in the content and its source.

11. **Cite Sources**: Properly cite any information you use from web resources.

12. **Cross-Reference**: Consult multiple sources for a well-rounded understanding.

By following these steps, you can effectively use web resources while reading to enhance your knowledge.

3.3 SQ3R

 SQ3R is a reading and study technique that stands for Survey, Question, Read, Recite, and Review. Here's a brief overview of each step:

1. **Survey**: Quickly skim through the material to get an idea of what it's about. Look at headings, subheadings, captions, and any summary sections. This step helps you understand the structure and main topics.

2. **Question**: Formulate questions about the material based on what you've surveyed. These questions will guide your reading and help you stay engaged and focused.

3. **Read**: Read the material actively and purposefully. Pay attention to the answers to your questions and take notes if needed. Try to understand the main concepts and key details.

4. **Recite**: After each section or chapter, pause and recite or summarize what you've just read in your own words. This helps reinforce મજબૂત બનાવવું your understanding and retention અવરોધ.

5. **Review**: Once you've finished reading, review your notes and the material again. Check if you can answer the questions you formulated at the beginning. This step solidifies મજબૂત બનાવે છે your understanding.

SQ3R can be an effective way to improve comprehension and retention when reading textbooks, research articles, or other complex materials.

3.2Understanding and Skimming the Text

3.2 Understanding and Skimming the Text

Understanding a text involves comprehending its main ideas, details, and context. It means grasping the content deeply, often by reading carefully, analyzing, and making connections between different parts of the text.

Skimming, on the other hand, is a quick reading technique used to get a general sense of what a text is about. It involves glancing through the text, focusing on headings, subheadings, and keywords, without delving into the details.

In simple terms, understanding is like eating a full meal where you savor every bite, while skimming is like quickly checking the menu to decide if you want to eat at a particular restaurant. Understanding is thorough,સંપૂર્ણ while skimming is superficial ઉપલકિયું but helps in quickly identifying whether the text is worth a deeper read.

1. **Understanding the Text:**

   - Start by reading the text carefully from the beginning to the end.

   - Pay close attention to each sentence and paragraph.

   - Take notes or highlight important points as you go along.

   - Try to grasp the main ideas and the author's arguments.

   - Consider the context, tone, and purpose of the text.

   - Make connections between different parts of the text.

   - Take your time to absorb the content fully.

2. **Skimming the Text:**

   - Begin by quickly scanning the text without reading every word.

   - Focus on the headings, subheadings, and any bold or italicized text.

   - Look for keywords or phrases that stand out.

   - Read the first and last sentence of each paragraph to get an idea of its content.

   - Skip over less important details and examples.

   - Don't spend too much time on any one part of the text.

   - Aim to get a general overview of the text's main points.

Conclusion :-

In summary, understanding involves a thorough સંપૂર્ણ and careful reading of the text, while skimming is a rapid reading technique to get a general sense of the content without diving into the details. Understanding is about depth, while skimming is about quickly identifying what the text is about.

A Retrieved Reformation" by O. Henry:

 "A Retrieved Reformation"પુનઃપ્રાપ્ત સુધારણા by O. Henry:

The title "A Retrieved Reformation" refers to the central theme of the short story by O. Henry. In the story, a reformation refers to a change or transformation in a person's character or behavior. The term "retrieved" suggests that this transformation has been recovered or redeemed in some way.

The story revolves around a reformed criminal named Jimmy Valentine, who has turned his life around after serving time in prison. He has retrieved or redeemed his life from a life of crime and is trying to live as an honest man. However, circumstances force him to use his safecracking skills one last time to save a child's life. In the end, the title reflects Jimmy's journey of transformation and how his criminal past resurfaces ફરી દેખાય છે for a noble cause ઉમદા કારણ, ultimately leading to his redemption.વળતર

The story begins with the introduction of Jimmy Valentine, a skilled safecracker who has just been released from prison after serving ten months of a four-year sentence. 

He heads to the town of Elmore, where he starts living a reformed life under the alias Ralph D. Spencer. Jimmy intends to leave his criminal past behind and become an honest, law-abiding citizen.

In Elmore, he takes up a job as a shoe salesman and begins attending church, where he meets and falls in love with Annabel Adams, the daughter of the town's banker. His newfound love for Annabel motivates him to stay on the straight and narrow path.

However, his criminal past remains a secret until a surprise visit from Ben Price, a detective who had been pursuing Jimmy for years. Price is now in Elmore, suspecting that Jimmy might be there under a new identity. As he investigates, he realizes that Jimmy, now known as Ralph Spencer, is the man he has been looking for.

Just when it seems that Jimmy's reformation will be short-lived, fate takes a surprising turn. Little Agatha, Annabel's niece, becomes trapped in the bank's newly installed vault. Jimmy's safecracking skills are the only hope of rescuing the child. In a dramatic turn of events, he opens the vault and saves Agatha, proving his reformed character to everyone, including Ben Price.

Impressed by Jimmy's heroics and touched by his love for Annabel, Price decides to let Jimmy go free, provided he leaves Elmore and never returns to a life of crime. Jimmy agrees and leaves town with Annabel, with the promise of a better, lawful future together.

The story ends on a note of redemption and the possibility of a fresh start, illustrating ચિત્રણ O. Henry's theme that people can change and that a "retrieved reformation" is indeed possible.

It's a tale that combines elements of romance, suspense, and irony કટાક્ષ, making it a classic O. Henry story known for its unexpected twists and moral message.

The Selfish Giant" by Oscar Wilde :-

 "The Selfish Giant" by Oscar Wilde :-

Once, there was a selfish giant who had a beautiful garden. 

He banned children from playing in it, causing the garden to be stuck અટકી in winter.

One day, a small boy sneaked  ( go very quietly ) into the garden and brought spring વસંત with him.

The giant was initially angry, but then realized the error of his ways.

He allowed the children to play in his garden, and it blossomed (ફૂલેલું  )with beauty and warmth.હૂંફ

The giant became kind and generous.ઉદાર

However, the little boy disappeared, and the giant missed him.

Many years later, the boy returned, now wounded ઘાયલ and agedવૃદ્ધ.

The giant helped him, and it was revealed that the boy was Jesus Christ.

The giant was rewarded with eternal happiness in paradise.

____________________________________

The story teaches us the importance of kindness and selflessness.નિઃસ્વાર્થતા

The giant's initial selfishness and refusal to share his garden with children result in a perpetual કાયમી winter. However, when he learns to be kind and generousઉદાર, the garden flourishes, emphasizing the positive impact of these qualities on others and oneself.

 The giant's transformation from a selfish character to a loving one shows that people can change and be redeemed( do something to improve)when they recognize their mistakes.

The story demonstrates how love and compassion કરુણા can bring warmth,હૂંફ  happiness, and beauty into our lives and the lives of those around us.

The changing seasons in the story symbolize the emotional  transformation of the giant, as well as. 

 The presence of children in the giant's garden represents innocence, purity, and  joy of childhood. It reminds us to cherish and protect these qualities in our own lives and the lives of others.

Overall, "The Selfish Giant" encourages us to be kind, compassionate દયાળુ, and open-hearted, and it reminds us of the profound impact these qualities can have on our relationships and the world around us.